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INCREASING RATIO OF CHILD LABOUR IN PAKISTAN

“Crystal lattice is the out-shoot of the arrangement of pattern of its units. Crystallized nation are specified by their individual units and “child” is the basic unit of such a nation”.

Being a basic units of human capital, child needs greatest possible care and services multiple investments and longest period of all species to grow physically and mature intellectually in order to become socially responsible and economically productive member of the society.

In the course of human history, human society have INCREASING RATIO OF CHILD LABOUR IN PAKISTANundergone several changes. These changes are often referred to in such term as “the agriculture revolution” the Arabian revolution”. The effect of such changes on children is a matter of great concern, in view of their vulnerability.

The U-N-General Assembly in 1959, issued the declaration of the right of the child stressing that ‘mankind owes to the child the best it has to give,” it affirmed the rights of the child to enjoy special protection, to be given.  Opportunities and facilities to enable him to develop in a healthy and normal manner; to enjoy the benefits of social  security including adequate nutrition, housing recreation and medical services, to receive education and to be predicted against all forms of neglected, cruelty and exportation.

Indo-Pak subcontinent the first factories were started, about the middle of 19th century. Although the pioneers of the factory system in our country had the initial advantage of better types of machinery and kindly of factory organization, it is surprising the way child labour was sough to be exploited at a time when countries in the west had already discovered its social evils and were striving the combat them ( in carpet industry which is employing largest number of children. In other countries, like Iran. India and Afghanistan as well, children. A major part in this industry about 70-80 percent workers are children It could be due to the reason that children can be easily trained in the art of weaving and be easily trained in the art of weaving and obviously child labor in cheap and can be easily hired on low wages.

The problem of  Child Labor is not only in the sphere of carpet. In other establishments are also employing children frequently. A large number of children are see working in shops and other business activities.

The percentage of economically active child 10-14 years.

Pakistan                                   1981-2,143,90.

Source ILO                             1983-labour –statistics.

71% of working children in Pakistan are mainly in elementary unskilled occupation in agriculture.

Age 14-15, 9% whole shale,  11% craft and manifesting, 8% personal services

% suffer from injuries frequently, 28% occasionally, 33- rarely, 40-3% male education,

11-2% female.

Child labour assumed epidemic proportions in Pakistan 40 million children in Pakistan. Human rights Commission of Pakistan 1st year estimated the number of Pakistan working or child labour in 3.3 million children to be realistically in the range of 11-12 million 60% is only Punjab.

The child workers in Pakistani parts in 54-72 hours a week. The average monthly income is about Rs. 1200 child labour are rarely found in 73% boys. 27% girls age 5-14 Pakistan. Mostly they worked in informal sectors. Like small workshop, home based operation, and casual mining.

Reason of Child Labour  Poverty, over population, rigidity of parents feudal labour.

Child Labour Law in Pakistan In the early 90’ two acts, the employments of children act of 1991 and the Bonded Labour system (abolition) act of 1992, were adopted which have important bearing on child labour in the country. Efforts are being made to effectively impalement these acts of the province of Punjab. There have been international and national pressures in the early 90 against continued child labour practices by international human rights group and trade union.

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