Cloud Computing in Healthcare

Annotated Bibliography 

AbuKhousa, E., Mohamed, N., & Al-Jaroodi, J. (2012). e-Health cloud: opportunities and challenges. Future Internet, 4(3), 621-645.

The cost of healthcare service has been on a steady rise in the last few years. As the costs rise, it has become difficult to find healthcare professionals. Consequently, healthcare institutions have been forced to adopt information systems, which allow them to automate most of their processes and consequently provide services that are more efficient. Cloud computing is one such technology that health institutions are implementing. The authors of outline and explain some of the opportunities and challenges that implementation of cloud computing presents. Further, the article outlines the limitations that the current systems present. Problems associated with the current systems include high implementation and maintenance costs, inefficient exchange of patient data, poor regulations that govern the use of medical data, and lack of a standard design structure. Cloud computing addresses some of the problems. By implementing cloud computing, institutions stand to achieve better patient care, reduced operational costs, better management of scarce resources, and better quality services to their clients. Further, cloud computing supports research, promotes national security, supports strategic planning, and supports financial operations. However, the implementation of cloud computing also presents numerous challenges. These challenges are data security risks, risk of data loss, and system downtime.

The information provided in the report extensively covers implementation of cloud computing in the healthcare sector. It provides detailed information on current systems, and the proposed cloud computing technology including benefits and challenges. This article is relevant for research on cloud computing because it covers almost all areas of the technology.

Al-Shayea, Q. K. (2015, July). Telemedicine Using Cloud Computing in Jordan. In Competition Forum (Vol. 13, No. 2, p. 390). American Society for Competitiveness.

The article focuses on the use of cloud computing in the implementation of telemedicine in Jordan. The paper proposes the implementation of the system using MATLAB server services. The system main purpose will be to make decisions on patient cases. Through the system, doctors in Jordan will engage with doctors from the developed nations to analyze a patient and make decisions on the best treatment methods. The telemedicine concept uses video conferencing such that both groups of physicians can engage on a one to one basis and discuss the patient clinical signs to determine the next course of action. Telemedicine has successfully been used to perform critical and successful surgeries in the past. The purpose of this paper is to outline using an example the practicability of using cloud computing in health care provision. Although it is an effective approach, telemedicine requires high-speed fiber connectivity, so that there is minimal or no downtime for it to be effective.

Through the simulation of a practical application of the capabilities of cloud computing, the author provide great insights on how powerful and effective cloud computing can be in the health sector. Seeing that the research topic is on cloud computing in the medical field, the article manages to paint a clear picture of how the benefits that cloud computing provides to humanity. As such, the article qualifies as a reference point for the study on use of cloud computing technology in the medical field.

Bamiah, M., Brohi, S., & Chuprat, S. (2012, December). A study on significance of adopting cloud computing paradigm in healthcare sector. In Cloud Computing Technologies, Applications and Management (ICCCTAM), 2012 International Conference on (pp. 65-68). IEEE.

A Study on Significance of Adopting Cloud Computing Paradigm in Healthcare Sector emanated from the Proceedings of 2012 International Conference on Cloud Computing, Technologies, Applications & Management. The article addresses the importance of information in the health care industry. Further, the authors agree that while the transformation from traditional paper based information into Electronic Health Records (EHRs) was a good move, it was inefficient as it is capital intensive.

To better manage health records and information, the article proposes that cloud computing is a better option as it is flexible, cost-effective, and collaborative. Additionally, the article highlights that cloud computing provides a platform for the latest technology such as smart phones, chip cards, and tele-health applications using the internet. Further, the research reveals that cloud computing is much cheaper than EHRs. With cloud computing, a health institution does not have to buy and buy expensive servers, which might then become obsolete after a short period.

As such, the article provides researchers with highlights on why health institutions need to implement cloud computing, making it an important resource for this topic. The authors carefully compares the efficiency levels of both the EHRs and cloud computing and conclude that cloud computing is more the better and more efficient option. As such, it is important to anyone seeking to get a clear understanding of how cloud computing can be implemented in the medical field.

Botta, A., De Donato, W., Persico, V., & Pescapé, A. (2016). Integration of cloud computing and internet of things: a survey. Future Generation Computer Systems, 56, 684-700.

The article Integration of Cloud computing and Internet of Things emanates from a survey conducted to establish how cloud computing and the internet of things can be integrated together in an attempt to create scalable and versatile solutions. Cloud computing and the internet of things are two distinct technologies, each offering different solutions. However, when put together, these two technologies have the potential to create a disruptive technology. The authors of the article discuss and evaluate the integration of cloud computing and the internet of things and the numerous capabilities that the new platform would provide. In conducting the analysis, the authors give elaborate the components of both technologies in detail, starting from the basic to the more complex architecture. Further, the article discusses available integration options available in both technologies and how they these options can be enhanced.

The information contained in the article is useful as it describes the integration options for cloud computing with other existing technologies. The information discusses how integrating cloud computing with the internet of things will enhance the capabilities present in cloud computing. Seeing that the survey was conducted in 2015, it means that the information therein is reasonably recent and thus reliable. Further, the authors’ credentials qualify the article to be reliable for information. In addition having many years of experience in their respective fields, they are widely published and prolific researchers.

Calabrese, B., & Cannataro, M. (2015). Cloud computing in healthcare and biomedicine. Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience, 16(1), 1-18.

The complexity of data and information that emanates from clinical settings poses a challenge in terms of storage, integration, and analysis. The reason behind the challenges is the different data types that exist in a clinical set up. For example, there are images that originate from magnetic resonance applications, blood analysis graphs, and other different types of data. The only efficient and safe way to store these different data types is by using cloud computing technology. Cloud computing technology provides scalable computing and storage capabilities, real time access from anywhere on the globe, and supports simple but dominant distributed computation models to counter the challenges. It is based on the capabilities that bioinformatics both in the academic field and the medical field have adopted cloud computing. However, despite the numerous capabilities associated with cloud computing, it presents a number of challenges as regards data security and privacy. Data security and privacy is a critical medical industry and ethical issue. As such, when implementing the cloud computing technology, institutions must ensure that they put in place extra security and privacy mechanisms to protect patient data.

The article is important because not only does it address the benefits of cloud computing but also highlights the critical challenge of data safety and privacy. The article is recent having been published in 2015, so the information therein is also reasonably recent and consequently reliable. The authors are also writers of high academic qualification.

Chen, L., & Hoang, D. B. (2011, November). Towards scalable, fine-grained, intrusion-tolerant data protection models for healthcare cloud. In Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom), 2011 IEEE 10th International Conference on (pp. 126-133). IEEE.

Although most industries have widely adopted cloud computing, the medical sector the uptake within the medical sector seems to be slow. The slow uptake is largely attributed to the data safety and privacy concerns associated with cloud computing. Medical data is a very sensitive of the healthcare industry and it is thus understandable that medical facilities would be reluctant to implement the technology if they are not convinced fully that patient data will be safeguarded. This essay addresses these data security and privacy concerns. The authors propose a scalable, invasion tolerant data protection structure for the healthcare cloud computing setup. Additionally, the article proposes the inclusion of a warning alert operation that will warn administrators in case of policy violations.

Through an elaborate and comprehensive paper, the authors describe in detail a proposed system that can be used to deal with the main challenge associated with cloud computing: data security and privacy. The paper provides important information that will assist in tackling the research topic. The use of diagrams to describe the different security layers helps the reader get a clear picture of the proposed security model. Further, the authors’ credentials qualify the paper as a credible reference point. They are academicians and researchers of great repute. As such, the article qualifies as guide in the research topic.

Chen, M., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Hassan, M. M., & Alamri, A. (2015). AIWAC: Affective interaction through wearable computing and cloud technology. IEEE Wireless Communications, 22(1), 20-27.

In a bid to reduce the weighty burden from the ever-increasing burdens that are present in the healthcare system, innovators have proposed that medical practitioners should adapt wearable computer assisted healthcare. The proposed wearable computer assisted healthcare systems will assist in promoting health monitoring and remote medical care. However, the wearable computer assisted healthcare faces several challenges. These challenges are brought about by human centric appliance for emotional collaboration. In this article, the authors recommend an innovative design that will solve the challenges through collaborative data collection, enhanced sentiment exploration, and predicting models. The proposed solution will incorporate wearable technology and cloud computing technology. The combination of the two technologies will result in a new system that will enhance the quality of healthcare information management, increase the utilization of available healthcare assets by initiating remote health care, and promote the growth of the medical field.

The article is important in this research first because of the credentials of the authors. All the authors are well known academicians in the field of medical services information systems. Additionally, the article was published in 2015, meaning it is rather recent and therefore the information contained therein is reasonably recent. Based on the two assertions, the paper is highly recommended for use in research on integrating cloud computing to existing health care system application and technologies. An individual who seeks to learn more on challenges faced when integrating cloud computing with existing applications within the medical field will find this article very useful.

Dinh, H. T., Lee, C., Niyato, D., & Wang, P. (2013). A survey of mobile cloud computing: architecture, applications, and approaches. Wireless communications and mobile computing, 13(18), 1587-1611.

Recent developments in mobile technology have led to the emergence of mobile applications. The mobile applications combined with cloud computing lead to the emergence of a new field of technology; mobile cloud computing. The article describes mobile cloud computing and the capabilities it presents to the medical field. According to the authors, mobile cloud computing presents superior capabilities as compared to both mobile applications or cloud computing.

Going by the article, it states that mobile cloud computing “integrates the cloud computing into the mobile environment and overcomes obstacles related to the performance (e.g., battery life, storage, and bandwidth), environment (e.g., heterogeneity, scalability, and availability), and security (e.g., reliability and privacy) discussed in mobile computing.” Further, the article presents the reader with an overview of mobile cloud computing including the description, architecture, and potential implementation areas. The authors further analyze challenges, current solutions, and methodologies. Regarding the use of mobile cloud computing in the medical field, the article states that it can be used to develop applications that will eliminate the restrictions associated with current treatment applications.

As such, from the information contained in the article and the credentials of the authors, the article is reliable and very resourceful. Besides providing information on cloud computing, the article introduces a new aspect; that of mobile cloud computing. For this reason, the article is relevant for research on implementation of cloud computing in the medical field.

Fong, E. M., & Chung, W. Y. (2013). Mobile cloud-computing-based healthcare service by noncontact ECG monitoring. Sensors, 13(12), 16451-16473.

The paper discusses the design process of a noncontact monitoring system that uses the mobile cloud computing technology to collect data, transmit to the cloud, and receive results on a mobile device. Biomedical data is acquired unnoticeably and is digitally processed to identify and recognize the patient whose data is being evaluated. Using the handheld device, the patient’s health status is observed impeccably in real time. At the same time, the system is smart enough to transmit immediate response to the user in case an atypical signal is received. To ensure the continuous and real time monitoring of the health status of the patient, data is uploaded and synchronized into a web server that is hosted on the cloud, which is designed to specifically monitor the health status of the patient. The system is designed with preset normal conditions, and that is why it is able to detect abnormal readings and return warning signals. In addition to the monitoring features, the system also incorporates medication reminders through the mobile application. The medication reminder feature provides personal dosage assistance to aged or disabled patients. In testing the practicability of the system, the researchers recommended that either healthcare providers or family members should use the system for long-term medical surveillance in which health records can be retrieved.

The article provides insights on how mobile cloud computing can be used for self-medication and monitoring thus making it relevant for the research. The authors of this article are renowned professionals in their various fields and as such, the information they provide is reliable. Consequently, the paper is reliable and resourceful for the research topic.

Gia, T. N., Jiang, M., Rahmani, A. M., Westerlund, T., Liljeberg, P., & Tenhunen, H. (2015, October). Fog computing in healthcare internet of things: A case study on ecg feature extraction. In Computer and Information Technology; Ubiquitous Computing and Communications; Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing; Pervasive Intelligence and Computing (CIT/IUCC/DASC/PICOM), 2015 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 356-363). IEEE.

The internet of things offers a proficient and well-thought-out approach to develop the health and welfare of human beings. One of the ways in which the internet of things technology is used to in the provision of health services is through the use of real time monitoring systems that are capable of acquiring signals from sensors and transmitting the data through a preset communication procedure. This paper focuses mainly on Electrocardiogram (ECG) features in the diagnosis of heart conditions. The ECG indicators are evaluated in smart gateways. The results of the study conducted by the authors reveal that fog computing helps achieving more than percent bandwidth efficacy and offering low-latency real time response at the edge of the network. The authors have implemented the fog computing services including interoperability, distributed databank, real time warning tools, geographical cognizance, and graphical user interface. All these have been made possible by the combination of fog computing and the internet of things. Through this collaboration between the two technologies, life threatening and complex illness like cardiac conditions are managed better.

The article shows how powerful cloud computing can be especially when combined with other technologies like the internet of things. As such, the paper gains relevance in the research topic based on the important information it contains. Further, the authors’ academic qualifications and research skills qualify the information contained in the article to be reliable. They have many years’ experience as researchers.

Griebel, L., Prokosch, H. U., Köpcke, F., Toddenroth, D., Christoph, J., Leb, I., … & Sedlmayr, M. (2015). A scoping review of cloud computing in healthcare. BMC medical informatics and decision making, 15(1), 17.

The article A scoping review of cloud computing in healthcare is a research article published in the BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making Journal in 2015. The article appreciates that cloud computing is new and fast developing area in the advancement of health care service provision and management. The authors are of the opinion that while cloud computing is used largely in medical research; it is not widely used in other areas of the healthcare system. As such, the article reviews the current state of cloud computing in healthcare provision, research, and management.

The authors conducted a research that concluded that cloud computing in the medical field concentrates mainly on broad network access and sharing and access of medical data. Based on their research, the authors found that many people viewed cloud computing as the being similar to data sharing, which is ultimately not the case. Cloud computing presents numerous other capabilities that are applicable to the medical field. Further they identified several other fields of the healthcare system that cloud computing could be used. The identified areas are telemedicine, patient self-management, therapy, as well as hospital management and information systems.

The information presented by the article highlights vital loopholes that exist in the understanding of cloud computing capabilities. Further, the authors elaborate the benefits that the medical field would reap if they implemented cloud computing. The detailed elaboration of the benefits that cloud computing presents to the medical field qualifies the article as an important resource in this research.

Guo, Y., Kuo, M. H., & Sahama, T. (2012, December). Cloud computing for healthcare research information sharing. In Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom), 2012 IEEE 4th International Conference on (pp. 889-894). IEEE.

The report titled Cloud Computing for Healthcare Research Information Sharing stems from the Fourth International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science held in 2012. The article addresses the rising need for health care record management brought about by the rapid healthcare and economic development. The aim of the report is to introduce the cloud computing technology and discuss the challenges of implementing the technology in the medical field. From the article, the writes agree that there has been a significant increase in the number of web applications used to share huge amounts of medical data and information. More health institutions have are also implementing cloud computing. Research being a critical area or healthcare provision is set to reap the most gains when an institution implements cloud computing. The reason is that the researchers will be now receive real time data from their peers as well as share analysis report with a wider pool or researchers.

The information contained in this report is vital in the research on the implementation of cloud computing in the healthcare system. Not only does it cover a critical aspect of the medical field, which is research, it goes further to provide detailed highlights on the benefits associated with implementation of cloud computing in the research department of a health institution. Seeing that the report was formulated at an international conference means the authors are highly experienced writers and as such the information contained in the article is reliable.

Hanen, J., Kechaou, Z., & Ayed, M. B. (2016). An enhanced healthcare system in mobile cloud computing environment. Vietnam Journal of Computer Science, 3(4), 267-277.

Mobile cloud computing is a new technology that incorporates the capabilities of mobile technology with those of cloud computing, thus creating a robust and scalable technology. The mobile cloud computing platform presents numerous new services and facilities for medical health stakeholders. As such, the authors of this article have developed a proposal for a new mobile-based web service. The proposed system will make use of the medical cloud multi-agent system and the Android operating system. The article presents the initial results from a pilot implementation of the application. Based on the results obtained from the pilot testing program, the article highlights some of the benefits associated with the mobile cloud computing technology. These benefits are enhanced collaboration, increased performance, and modernization or upgrade capabilities, scalability, and portability. From the research, it is evident that mobile cloud computing presents greater benefits that cloud computing. The main reason behind the enhanced benefits is the fact that mobile cloud computing is portable, and can thus the implementation capabilities are wider.

The insights provided in this article are very important for the research on adoption of cloud computing for the medical field. Although the article was published in 2011, it provides information that is applicable today. It is clear that the authors conducted an extensive research before writing the article. Additionally, the credentials of the writers give the report more credibility because they are experts in the fields of information technology implementation in the health sector.

Hucíková, A., & Babic, A. (2016). Cloud Computing in Healthcare: A Space of Opportunities and Challenges. Transforming Healthcare with the Internet of Things, 122.

According to the article, more than fifty percent of large health institutions across the United States and Europe have deployed the cloud computing technology. Based on these figures and it is expected that in the next few years, a large proportion of health institutions will have adopted the technology. Based on the growing acceptance of the technology, the authors outline the complex opportunities and challenges that exist in cloud computing. According to the article, opportunities that exist in cloud computing include reduced operational costs, scalability, and flexibility. On the other hand, major challenges are mainly associated with privacy and security, network downtime, and accessibility. The article further outlines considerations that institutions that plan to implement the technology should look out for. Moreover, the article asserts that there is need to technology users to receive adequate training to be able to fully utilize the capabilities of the technology.

Albeit short, the article outlines nearly all the opportunities and challenges that are present in cloud computing. As such, the article provides insightful information that is relevant to the research topic. The authors manage to capture all the necessary opportunities and challenges associated with cloud computing. Additionally, the paper is dated 2016 meaning that information contained therein is current and relevant to current cloud computing trends. Further, the fact that the information is only about one year old means that it is reliable. As such, the paper qualifies as useful resource in the study of cloud computing in the health sector.

Issa, T., Chang, V., & Issa, T. (2010). The impact of Cloud Computing and organizational sustainability. In Annual international conference on Cloud Computing and visrtualization (pp. 163-169). CCV& GSTF.

The writers of this article delve into the details of how and why the healthcare industry needs to adopt the cloud computing technology. By the authors’ own assertion, there is need for improved, faster, flawless, and efficient information sharing within the medical field. The cloud computing technology provides this platform. To illustrate clearly the need and strategies for implementation, the writers provide a general overview to cloud computing in the medical field. The report presents an online medical system model that is based on cloud computing. By dissecting the various components of the system, the article highlights how medical facilities and practitioners are set to benefit by implementing cloud computing. The illustrated example has features that allow for voice recognition, online chats, and several other capabilities that are only available on the cloud computing technology. With these capabilities, the health care providers can be able to receive real time data from very remote areas anywhere on the globe provided the area is covered by a communication network.  Even in areas where there is no mobile phone network, the data is stored on the device and synchronized to the cloud server once the user reaches an area with network coverage.

A look at the credentials and publisher of the article reveals that information contained in the report is reliable. IBM is a leading provider of technology solutions and as such, the information contained in this article is from one of the leading global technology providers, consequently making it reliable.

Mvelase, P., Dlamini, Z., Dludla, A., & Sithole, H. (2015, November). Integration of smart wearable mobile devices and cloud computing in South African healthcare. In eChallenges e-2015 Conference, 2015 (pp. 1-10). IEEE.

The article addresses health informatics, which is a developing technology that links information systems and healthcare by using applications to acquire, process, manage, and store biomedical data and information. On a personal level, the developers of these applications envision ‘‘a new system of distributed computing tools that will collect authorized medical data about people and store it securely within a network designed to help deliver quick and efficient care.’’ Consequently, biomedical engineers have developed several new technologies to support health informatics. These technologies include body area networks, wearable devices, and cloud computing all of which are geared towards provision of better services for the patients and enhancing the working conditions of the health care providers. Using these biomedical systems, data is collection and dissemination of analysis results happens in real time. Further, the paper outlines the benefits associated with the implementation of cloud computing. By implementing cloud computing, organizations stand to benefit from easier access and sharing of data, reduced operational costs, increased productivity and efficiency, scalability, and the creation of a more connected patient-focused system. Cloud computing also faces several challenges, some of which are data security and privacy issues, lack on anonymity, government surveillance, and dependence on strong and reliable internet connection.

The article is relevant to the research topic as it provides the reader with a detailed overview of the cloud computing technology. The paper was published in 2015, meaning that the information contained therein is recent as thus reliable. It is therefore safe to say that the paper is resourceful and reliable.

Landi, H. (2015). Cloud Forward: CIOs Overcome IT Security Concerns. Healthcare Informatics Magazine. Retrieved 14 December 2017, from https://www.healthcare-informatics.com/article/cloud-forward-cios-overcome-it-security-concerns

When it was first introduced, many people looked at cloud computing with trepidation. The perception has since changed and many sectors including the health care industry have accepted cloud computing as part of their information technology strategies. In the article, the author focuses on the factors that led the health care industry to accept and implement cloud computing. The main reason for the implementation of cloud computing in the medical field is the fact that it reduces operational costs. Additionally, health institutions faced challenges  of getting qualified information technology experts at a reasonable compensation package; information technology experts are expensive to hire. The medical industry also adopted cloud computing because it offers better access to data and at the same time improves patient management. According to the article, the extensive implementation of cloud computing in the last decade has brought about transformative changes to the sector. Many hospitals have completely replaced their electronic health records (EHRs) systems in favor of cloud computing. In turn, this adoption has seen an increase in the efficiency levels of these hospitals as well as advancements in research as resulting from medical data sharing among researchers.

The author’s use of empirical data gives credibility to the report and to the importance of cloud computing adoption by health institutions. The article is informative, relevant, and equally important in the research on the implementation of cloud computing in the health sector. The information contained in the article is a great resource in this research.

Li, M., Yu, S., Zheng, Y., Ren, K., & Lou, W. (2013). Scalable and secure sharing of personal health records in cloud computing using attribute-based encryption. IEEE transactions on parallel and distributed systems, 24(1), 131-143.

In recent years, there has been the emergence of a new trend in the health care sector. The new trend is the personal health record, which is a model that allows a patient to create, manage, and control their personal medical data. The patient, through a web portal store, retrieves, and shares their personal data. While patients are excited by the ability to control their personal medical data, most of them are not aware of the impeding privacy and security risks associated with model. To deal with this challenge, the authors of this paper discuss the implementation of an attribute based encryption (ABE) model to be used in the encryption of patient personal health records. The model is different from previous security enhancement models because it focuses on the multiple data owner setup. To address the challenge effectively, the model divides the users in the patient health record system into several security domains and this reduces the encryption key management for the owners and the users.

The writers of this article manage to provide what seems like an effective solution to the challenges associated with data security and privacy within a cloud computing platform. As such, the paper is an important resource for the research subject as it addresses a major concern raised by critics of cloud computing technology. Further, the authors are researchers of great repute making the information in the paper reliable.

Lo’ai, A. T., Bakhader, W., Mehmood, R., & Song, H. (2016, December). Cloudlet-based Mobile Cloud Computing for Healthcare Applications. In Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), 2016 IEEE (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

Smart phone have become an integral part of everyday life. Besides the basic function of making and receiving calls and text messages, smart phones are today used for online shopping and sharing files and pictures. Additionally, there are numerous applications available for use with smart phones, some of which are for medical purposes. Smart phones however have a major shortcoming; short battery life and limited storage capabilities. Cloud computing helps solve these problems associated with mobile phones. The integration of smart mobile device technology with cloud computing has led to the emergence of a new technology; mobile cloud technology. Mobile cloud computing takes away the processing and storage services from the mobile device and these processes take place on the cloud. With this technology, the problem of short battery life and limited storage space is eliminated. While many mobile cloud computing architectures exist, the article discusses a model that uses the cloudlet concept. The implementation of this structure requires the user to request a service form the cloud through the closest cloudlet. Using this model ensure that uses receive the requested services in the shortest time possible. Further, by ensuring that the service is received in the shortest time possible, this model results in less power usage by the mobile device.

The article discusses how to overcome the challenge of short battery life in the implementation of mobile cloud computing. The topic is relevant to the research topic because it provides a solution to major hurdle that faces implementers of mobile cloud computing. Having been published in 2016, it also means that the information therein is current further enhancing the reliability of the information contained in the paper.

O’Driscoll, A., Daugelaite, J., & Sleator, R. D. (2013). ‘Big data’, Hadoop and cloud computing in genomics. Journal of biomedical informatics, 46(5), 774-781.

The authors of the article provide an outline of cloud computing as well as the challenges associated with big data. Additionally, the article analyses how cloud computing and big data management are utilized to tackle challenges associated with natural science’s big data. To create a better understanding on the usage of cloud computing plus big data problems, the authors discuss Apache Hadoop project, which is a big data technology that provides distributed and parallelized data manipulation and analysis of different types of data sets.

According to the article, cloud computing offers a scalable and budget effective answer to problems associates with big data. The article breaks down cloud computing solutions to different categories each suited for a different client needs. These categories are infrastructure as a service, software as a service, and platform as a service. Further, the article focuses mainly on the use of parallelized big data technologies in medical or genomics research. The authors assert that the use of big data technologies provides a perfect solution to medical research mainly because of the large volumes of data under analysis.

The information provided in the article is therefore important for the research on cloud computing as it provides critical highlights on how cloud computing can be implemented in medical research to provide a positive impact to humanity. Although the article was published in 2013, it is still relevant as the information contained therein is still applicable to date. Therefore, going by the qualifications of the authors, the information provided in the article is quite reliable and accurate for research on the use of cloud computing in the medical field.

Stantchev, V., Barnawi, A., Ghulam, S., Schubert, J., & Tamm, G. (2015). Smart items, fog and cloud computing as enablers of servitization in healthcare. Sensors & Transducers, 185(2), 121.

The authors of this article argue that smart tools and cloud computing technology are great enablers of business trends and processes. The paper asserts that healthcare can benefit immensely from a targeted application of the cloud computing hypothesis. By utilizing smart tools like radio frequency identification (RFID) solutions, the healthcare system is set to reap immense benefits. Additionally, these wireless communication conduits between gateways and other tools allow for the uninterrupted transfer of data to the fog consequently making the data available for healthcare providers and patients to access the health status and keep documentation regularly. Henceforth, the combined effort between smart tools and the cloud assist healthcare providers to make informed decisions and produce better and more efficient health care to their patients. A proper comprehension of the health care processes and designing systems on the basis of this understanding is an inevitable task in the creation of scalable and versatile cloud computing applications.

The authors present to the reader an insightful outline on the use of smart wireless communication tools, which are then combined with cloud computing to produce smart and efficiency data conduits. Based on the information presented in the paper, it proves that the article is a great resource to the research topic. It provides great insights on the use of wireless communication tools to transfer data between several health care system stakeholders. It is therefore a reliable and resourceful article for the research area.

Suciu, G., Todoran, G., & Banica, R. (2016, January). Accelerating Elearning for Cloud Services and Big Data Platforms in Healthcare. In The International Scientific Conference eLearning and Software for Education (Vol. 1, p. 304). ” Carol I” National Defence University.

The use of cloud computing services and big data applications is seen as a technological invention in the medical field. According to experts, the use of cloud computing and big data systems improves the performance of medical data analysis and while at the same time facilitating the creation of eHealth systems. In the medical field, a well-implemented big data application can be used to acquire new facts through virtual analytical and prediction tools. In the same manner, cloud computing allows for the quick distribution of software systems as web services, through the software as a service platform. These software solutions are hosted on the cloud further enhancing scalability and failover redundancy in case problems with overload or connection arise respectively. There is however a problem with the training and learning of implementation and maintenance strategies. As such, this paper addresses the issues that relate to cloud computing and big data learning. The article does so by outlining cloud computing and big data industry standards as well as an overview of open source tools that are available to integrate the two technologies in a health care setup.

The article provides important highlights on the capabilities of a combined cloud computing and big data system. Further, authors provide important best practice standards for the two technologies. As a reader, one gets a clear understanding of the capabilities of the two technologies and potential benefits of integrating them. As such, the information therein is important and based on the authors’ credentials it is as well reliable.

Suciu, G., Vulpe, A., Pasat, A., & Coanca, R. (2017). Environmental Sensing and Learning Human Behavior Using Cloud Computing and Big Data to act for A Better Quality of Life and Smart Health. In The International Scientific Conference eLearning and Software for Education (Vol. 2, p. 523). ” Carol I” National Defence University.

Although the demand for health care services has increased globally, the sector still faces the hurdles of the traditional model of hospital-based care, where preemptive care is ignored, and patients only seek medical assistance when they face severe illness. However, with the emergence of the internet of things and cloud computing, these trends are bound to change. The combination of the internet of things and cloud computing technologies provides healthcare providers and patients with tools that offer predictive solutions. These solutions are provided through wearable devices that send real time data to cloud servers. Additionally, the systems make use of a telemetry platform that studies the weather patterns. The cloud computing element processes the data and uses preset predictive models to alert the medical providers and the patients of eminent illness. Additionally, the two technologies use the provided data to give suggestions that optimize the patient’s quality of life thus inhibiting the development of illnesses.

The information contained in this paper is important for his research topic because it outlines how cloud computing when combined with the internet of things can be used to process data that is in turn used for preventive medicine. The report was published in 2017 and therefore the information contained therein is current and hence reliable. Additionally, the authors’ qualifications qualify the paper to be dependable for information. In addition having many years of experience in their respective fields, they are widely published and productive scientists. Therefore, their periodical is reliable.

Wang, L., Ranjan, R., Kolodziej, J., Zomaya, A. Y., & Alem, L. (2015). Software Tools and Techniques for Big Data Computing in Healthcare Clouds. Future Generation Comp. Syst., 43, 38-39.

As the world delves deeper into the digital age, there has been a significant growth in the amount and speed of data available on the internet. The immense growth in data volumes and speed has led to the emergence of challenges in the management of the large volumes of data. According to the authors, the challenges are more prevalent in the health care sector, mainly because of the different types of datasets that exist in the industry. Although, the healthcare professionals are well trained to understand the data, the exponential growth in the volumes has led to a wide integration gap. It is the authors’ opinion that cloud computing providers in conjunction with other service providers from the basis of creating big data analysis applications based on innovation for the growing healthcare sector. As such, the article focuses on a medical image file accessing system. The authors propose the creation of a system that will improve medical image storage, transmission, and reliability. The article analyses various model that have been developed to help tackle the challenges of managing medical image data.

The article outlines several possible solutions for the challenges that exist in the management of medical image data. In doing so, the authors provide extensively contributions to the research topic making the article an important resource in the subject matter. Further, the authors refer to papers written by academicians and researchers of great repute. As such, the paper qualifies as a credible point of reference for the research topic.

Zhou, J., Lin, X., Dong, X., & Cao, Z. (2015). PSMPA: Patient self-controllable and multi-level privacy-preserving cooperative authentication in distributedm-healthcare cloud computing system. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 26(6), 1693-1703.

While distributed cloud computing systems immensely facilitate patient treatment , they present the challenge of ensuring both the data privacy of the patient as well as patient’s identity confidentiality. To resolve this problem, this article explores the innovative authorized accessible privacy model. By utilizing this model, patients have the ability to authorize particular health care providers. Based on the authorization level granted by a patient, different healthcare providers can access different levels of the patient medical records. The model allows for three authorizations plans: the directly approved physicians, the secondarily accredited physicians, and the unapproved persons. Additionally, the strict security proof and simulation results illustrate that the model is capable of resisting several kinds of assaults and far outdoes the previous systems.

The paper provides insights on security models that can be adopted and integrated with cloud computing to make it safer. A major concern raised by many people is on the security and privacy of data within a cloud computing set up. However, with the model proposed in the paper, it is possible to safeguard personal data and information on the cloud computing platform. As such, the paper is a critical resource for the research subject as it addresses a main concern associated with clod computing. The authors’ credentials further qualify the reliability of the information contained therein. They are experienced and renowned researchers in the field of data security. As such, it is safe to conclude that the paper is a reliable point of reference.

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