Introduction
The Police Force Organization just like other sectors has undergone various changes and adjustments in the recent decades. According to Abrams and Kleiner 2003, there is a belief that new police forms can restore public confidence and decrease crime level and so the need for various reforms and business plans witnessed in police forces. The number of Police Forces and Security firms is on the rise due to changes in business dynamics and an increase in pressure on Security firms to diversify their operations. The high level of competition faced by Security Firms has led to increased emphasis on the policies that they should be used to improve their positioning in various market segments (Abrams and Kleiner, 2003). Various business plans are designed by security firms to improve their performance and existence in the market.
Police officers are anticipated to undertake proactive and protective chores for example, community involvement. This paper starts by evaluating the role, potential and contributions that business planning has made to Abu Dhabi Police Force. The second part analyses the system factors that impact upon success and failure of business plans taking Abu Dhabi as a case study. The third section critically reviews how business plans are developed and evaluated in Abu Dhabi Police Force examining their acceptability, feasibility and suitability in the Police Force setup. The fourth part review how business plans are prepared, defended and approved in Abu Dhabi and giving recommendations for improvements.
The Role, Potential and Contribution of Business Planning in Abu Dhabi Police Force
Various business plans have been witnessed in Abu Dhabi Police force in the recent past. There are various advantages of business plans for Abu Dhabi as well as other security firms. The section analyses the contributions and importance of business plans to Abu Dhabi.
First, the business planning in Abu Dhabi Police force creates an opportunity for the organization to reflect the far they have gone, the commitments they have made and how they rate themselves in term of their objectives. Business planning is the first function of any organization’s management and so Abu Dhabi. Planning entails sound thinking through organization goals and deciding what is required to be achieved to attain the aims of the Police Force (Abrams and Kleiner, 2003). Managers have to apply this process in planning for the future of the organization, just like a blueprint to predict possible problems and on possible solutions to avoid these problems and create a competitive edge.
As Bateman and Snell (2007) state, managers should know their subordinates and their abilities so as to organize them well. This is accomplished through staffing, training of workers, recruiting and forming effective work teams. The training is important to equip the new recruits and candidates with the firm’s standards and emerging security issues and how to deal with them (Bradfield, 2005). The training should be relevant to the department and if possible different departments should have different trainings and requirements.
The success of an organization is determined mainly by the leadership displayed. Thus, managers have to possess powers to influence or motivate their workers and lead them in the performing the duties assigned to them in the planning process. It is through a business planning that Abu Dhabi Police force managers are able to review how services are delivered. This is essential in identifying opportunities to improve the money value and deliver efficiency savings.
Business planning also allows for self-assessment services to identify potential opportunities and weaknesses within the police force and thus help in the identifying and improving service delivery to the public (Abrams and Kleiner, 2003). It is also through a business planning that the police force will be able to realize the savings and meet the needs of the police force. This is necessary in ensuring resilience to coming budgets.
The strategic decision-making commences with identifying the missions and visions of a given business plan and articulation of the responsible stakeholders. Fulfilling the Abu Dhabi Police force’s objectives requires the stakeholders to identify the processes in which the Police Force must excel. As the process by which the Police force is developed and defied is the most valuable process the organization can engage in, then the excellence in business planning remains the most vital issue (ADP, Abu Dhabi Police, 2012). Clear and appropriate objectives or vision are fundamental and are to be articulated to nurture commitment, ownership and involvement and so the importance of business planning in a Police Force. It is also through the business plans that the organization can collect various views and opinions, and so high relevance of the project is enhanced. It also enhances the connection between the employees and the given project and thus full participation of the Police Force workforce and encourages sharing of ideas (Collerette et al., 2010).
System factors that impact upon success and failure in the development and implementation of business plans in Abu Police All organizations and Security firms, whether large or small, private or public new businesses need to operate smoothly and attain their set objectives. To achieve this, the Police Force needs to formulate and implement its own strategies. However, as Bateman and Snell (2007) notes, there are four basic functions each management of an organization must perform, this are; planning, organizing, directing and controlling. Although system factors that have impacts on the success and failure of business plan development and implementation are complex, often overlapping and interrelated, they can be grouped into two categories, ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ generally referred to as external and internal factors respectively (Nuaimi, 2012). Hard or external factors are those factors affecting business planning that originate from outside the organization while ‘soft’ or internal factors originate from within the organization.
The external factors are unlikely to be controlled by the organization decision makers. Instead, planners and strategies will react to the forces, trying to protect the Police Force from any undue negative effects and seek ways to exploit positive ones (Abrams and Kleiner, 2003). Among the ‘hard’ or external factor that have effects on the success of business plans are economic, social, technological and political factors. The following are considered the hard or external system factors.
Political Factors
The exercise dissects the governmental, legal and political aspects of a given business plan to be implemented since they are key regulators, subsidizers and deregulators of key security business plans. Present and potential development taking into consideration government-driven tax, restraints and trade quota are substantial political realities to be considered when designing a business plan.
Economic Factors
Analysis of economy, a comprehensive study of regional and national performance trend represent a highly vital phase of strategic development for start-up business or business planning. The economic factors have various direct and indirect effects on the potential attractiveness of several business projects. The analysis yields indications on various variables for instance nature of economy, credit availability, government deficits and interest rates among others. The world economy has undergone various distortions and business have floundered and resorted to manpower cutbacks and several both small and medium being forced to close. This reinforces the importance of analysing economic factors before and at the implementation stage of any given business plan in both security and other industries (Collerette et al., 2010).
Social Factors
This relates to assessing the cultural, social and demographic profiles or targeted markets. Taking the United States for instance, demographic and cultural trends do shape the way people live, work, produce and consume.
Technological Factors Technology is a business enabler which has revolutionary effects on the real conduct of a business. Technology helps in achieving targeted productivity and business efficiency. A clear example is the internet, where what was formerly considered impossible in instantaneous global communication is now a cold reality and an urgent necessity for the success all business. This is also applicable in the security industry. The internet continues to change the form of opportunities and threats in every business. It changes the life cycle, enhances information sharing, quickens distribution speed, creates new services and products, redefines business relationships and propagates free transactions (Collerette et al., 2010). Challenge in Security and the opportunities cannot be explained without mentioning the relevance of the information technology in that field. Technology has boosted information technology vital element for security professionals both in their operations as well as when designing a new business plan. In a nut shell, internet in all sectors has become an essential business tool. Technology, however, is a peril, a disruptive component that can cause horrific operational hitches for businesses that do not move with new technologies and innovations (Nuaimi, 2012). The negative side of technology intensifies the necessity of evaluating the technology issues surrounding business viability.
Competitive Factors
Equally vital, in developing business plans, company’s rival firms should be identified and assert their weaknesses, strengths, capabilities, threat, opportunities and strategies they use. The competitor’s weaknesses and strategies can signify opportunities, while key competitive strengths can indicate external threats. The more information a given organization has about its competitors, the better its chances of designing a thriving business plan.
Various strategically-minded organization or firms go to the point of implementing a responsive competitive intelligence policy, which is a methodical and ethical process for collecting, processing, and organizing information concerning the competitor’s actions and general business trends to help them attain their business objectives. The competitive intelligence programs tend to give a general understanding of an industry, and its rival players, recognizing the competitor’s vulnerabilities and assessing the effects of strategic actions against them, and identifying the actions taken by the competitors that might jeopardize an organization’s position in the market or industry.
On the contrary, there exist internal or soft factors. There are various factors that can be grouped as soft factors that affect the implementation and development of a business plan. Factors that affect the six implementation steps have direct impacts on the success or failure of a given business plan. The six processes are alternative goals and plans, evaluation of goals, plan selection, implementation, and monitor and control. The following factors are known to have effects on the success or failure of a business plan.
Priorities
Priority is among the factors that affecting business planning process. Priorities are to be properly examined during the evaluation of a business plan. They are essential since they have to be involved in plan evaluation. Priorities may be shifted, and others may be given up for higher priorities. The factors have an impact on the business plan implementation since it determines the choice to be made and that is beneficial to the business.
Budget
Budget has the direct impact on the implementation of a business plan, and a plan minus a budget during the implementation process is bound to fail in the implementation. Budgets can result to the success or failure of a business plan and ideas about making budgets should always be considered during planning and plan implementation.
Leadership
Leadership skills are essential for the success of an organization. Good leadership skills entail dynamic and diverse skills that enable managers to interact with peers and workers in an open minded way. Adequate skills enable managers to encounter the myriad challenges that affect an organization. It is paramount for leadership skills to encompass organizational management, communication, analytical strategic management and creativity or vision (Bradfield, 2005). Managers who are equipped with these skills are able to handle change and project the future of the organization with certainty. Human skills enhance the building of relationships between managers and employees and thus bring out competency by fostering relationship and thus demonstrating respect for others; the skills in this context are those of team building skills.
It is through managers learning these skills that they are able to create working teams and thus create an environment which is conducive for the operations of the organization. By using team building and social interaction skills, managers should consider cultural diversity and the challenges that come along with it. Thus, the managers learn these skills so that they can create an environment that will allow and appreciate cultural diversity to thrive and at the same time allowing people to interact freely without cultural prejudices. Equally important, the managers learn human skills so that they can handle and identify talents within the organization (Cole, 2011). This will eventually help in highlighting weaknesses and strengths of people in the organization and thus providing employees with tasks they can easily accomplish. Other skills that managers learn under human skills are the skills that foster mentorship and leadership development. It is paramount that leaders learn to be effective mentors and take their employees through organizational leadership development programs so that all their employees are equipped with relevant skills (NPIA, 2006).
Development and evaluation of Business plans in Abu Dhabi Controlling process is the process that ensures that organization’s plans are implemented in a correct manner. Jeston 2008 explains that, controlling is the final connection in the functional sequence of the management process and it completes the management circle. Controlling permits for easiness of assigning duties to work teams, and since managers might be held responsible for the performance of their subordinates, it would be sensible of them to provide quick feedback of employees’ achievements and performance (Jeston, 2008).
At Abu Dhabi, the company hold departmental meeting on a daily basis. These meetings are then used to evaluate the daily program, establish any possible problems and to find out how to solve the problems immediately and effectively. The company also uses control process to set performance standards of employees, communicate these standards, apply them and evaluate how they are carried out. Managers carry out continuous assessment and appraisals on employees’ performance in order to reward or take corrective measures. Abu Dhabi has been able to maintain high standards of its products range because of effective control measures in the organization.
How Plans are Developed in Abu Dhabi Police
The responsible departments in the development of CCTV Systems for Abu Dhabi Police Buildings are involved with a structured Business plan. Business plan for the organization commences with a request from any department in the police force requesting for video surveillance system. The enquiry is usually based on operational, security or safety requirements. The needs are majorly generic in nature which the depart plans, design and execute to meet the strict department’s requirements and allow for future adjustments. The proceeding steps are followed after the department gets an official request for video surveillance from a department with in AD Police (ADP, Abu Dhabi Police, 2012). The initial step after getting the official request is to visit the site with the responsible departments and comprehend the requirements from the video surveillance. The team after that assesses the suitability of video surveillance system to meet the Departments requirements and expectations. After confirming the suitability of the plan, the feasibility of the video surveillance system is verified.
A concept design is prepared to expand on the deficiencies and the expected results of the proposed video surveillance. The concept design is discussed with the concerned department and approval if necessary is taken thereafter. Suppose the concept design is approved, the following step is finding both manpower and financial resources. Depending on the concept design, a budgetary expense is prepared (Cole, 2011). The prepared budget is then forwarded to the concerned department to give the required finance for the completion of the project or implantation of the business plan.
After the budget has been approved, the department works on the final design due consideration to scalability, security and system availability. The final design and specification is approved by the concerned department. The accepted specification and final design floated as a tender and published in the local newspapers for bidders to buy (NPIA, 2006). The bids both financial and technical are then received by the department responsible for purchasing before the closing day for the bidders. After that, they are sent to the department for evaluation and recommendations purposes. The concerned department then performs compliance evaluation and recommends three most suitable bidders to the financial department to choose among the three (ADP, Abu Dhabi Police, 2012).
After bid is approved by the purchasing department, our department is responsible for managing the project so that it executed within the time frame and within the allowed budget meeting the quality and expectations of the concerned department. The department responsible for project monitoring ensures that the project complies with the tender requirements and that the expected outcomes are fulfilled.
Suitability, Feasibility and Acceptability
Through the process, all procurements and planning must conform to the three Integrity pillars Accountability, Integrity and Transparency and hence its suitability. The procedure also encourages free bidding for tenders and fair selection method.
As Bradfield 2005 states, on the positive side, the approach is normally seen by personnel as a fair method. Therefore, its outcomes are more easily acceptable, not only to the promoted or those that never received tender but to the whole management and members of Abu Dhabi. According to Jeston 2008, the variety of techniques employed in the selection process allows for comparison between the bidders and, since some of the techniques intend to delve more deeply compared to others, the process can be regarded effective and thorough.
Additionally, the other advantage is that the bidders as well know that the process is fair and relevant since each bidder performs situations similar to other applicants and this reduces conflict in the Police Force. All candidates are given or subjected to similar opportunities to submit their bids. The procedure consists of standardized, organized and comprehensive evaluation of bids based on price and duration (Jeston, 2008).
Preparation and Approval of Business Plans are Prepared
The department operates with the main objective of becoming the most effective department in Abu Dhabi to bring out cost effective functionality video surveillance for the police force. After getting a request from Abu Dhabi Police department for video surveillance system, the department works on the design and approximates the total money needed for project execution.
The budget is first reviewed by the finance department prior to tendering the project. Appropriate planning and preparing the right budget is a vital part of any business plan. Site survey and interview is an area that requires continuous training and perfection which the department routinely monitors. In the department, project management needs improvements as it relates to executing a project on time and budget (Weir, 2001).
The main questions are the critical factors are or the main processes that will ensure maximum leverage and customer satisfaction. How to tackle the challenges to get the most out of a business plan calls for the improvements on the existing strategies used in handling business plans in Abu Dhabi. The main object here is to identify an improvement strategy (NPIA, 2006). The performance of workers or employees of an organisation is as critical to its success as is the planning and execution of its strategies, objectives, vision and mission. To understand and bring about the synchronization between the ways the members of an organisation function in accordance to its objectives, it is important to understand how their performances are analysed and managed (Cole, 2011). The following recommendations are thus essential in improving the existing planning strategies in Abu Dhabi.
Enhance Technology in Information Sharing
There are various ways that security personnel can prepare for new challenges and opportunities that they may encounter during execution of their duties. The preparation that the security professional varies depending on the challenge or the opportunity that anticipate. One main challenge that is rampant and affecting the security industry is the safeguarding of the information security (Axson, 2010). Most security lapses happen because of a leakage in information security. With the increase in activities as terrorists’ attacks and hacking of computer systems, it is vital for security professionals to prepare themselves adequately on how to deal with the menace of information security. Motivation
Employee motivation is recognized as one of the techniques that organizations employ to ensure optimal productivity. Nevertheless, various companies use different techniques to motivate their employees. Researchers concerned with employee satisfaction have pointed out that employees have a greater desire for social recognition than other facets of employee satisfaction, and this brings a greater motivation to them thereby leading to improved productivity (NPIA, 2006). In addition, although there are diverse techniques that could be used to motivate employees, the efficacy and applicability of the technique depends on the organization and the industry in which it operates. Abu Dhabi should encourage employee motivation (Axson, 2010). No matter what type of technique an organization chooses to adopt, based on the observations of Diaz-Serrano and Cabral, the technique must be one that incorporates components that affect the social component of the employees. This means that for the success, it must affect their communication, sense of belonging to a team and relationship cutting across all levels of staff.
Improve Database Security
An advanced database security product should be developed to cater for any eventuality that the security personnel might encounter. Since information technology changes constantly, it is necessary for Abu Dhabi Police Force to keep updating its security data base system more frequently (Hopkins, 2011). An advanced security database is used to monitor all the data base requests in a learning mode. In case of a security lapse, the security professionals will have noticed well before the situation deteriorates. As the business grows, so does the technology and a possibility of a security lapse void coming up. Therefore, constant evaluation and training in IT for the security professionals is vital in the developing world.
Continuous Training
Another way that security professionals can prepare for challenges and opportunities is by engaging in constant value adding trainings that are not just restrained to their areas of specialization. The acquired skills come in handy in the profession of a police officer since they help them deal with and solve the crisis that they encounter in their line of duty (Hopkins, 2011). They should train in all aspects of securities details that cut across all aspects of operations. It is also beneficial for the security professionals to work closes with all the other professionals in order to understand the business environment that they operate in. The need for training may vary from various policies that organizations use (Hammer, 2010). Some organizations have structures for refresher and career advancement programs for their employees. When it comes to opportunities the security professionals should put in their individual efforts because they are bound to benefit directly in case of a career development. Trainings can either be academic or through seminars and workshops. It also entails studying advanced security systems (The Times 100, 2012).
Training Adjustments
One way to enhance police training is to hire officers who have the relevant people skills and are able to use their common sense when a situation calls for that. The final recommendation is the evaluation of training method. The police training should be reviewed by holding discussions with the trainees and discussing the line manager’s observations (Weir, 2001). The evaluation will help the trainer to identify the relevance of the training modes and areas that might need improvements. The Police Force trainees will have the first impression of training and hence in the best position to report on the progress of training and the impact it has on them (Fischer, 2009). The line manager’s observation is vital in that he is directly involved with the trainees and may have their needs at first hand. The objective of the training system should be clear for instance, to attract and develop a workforce that is competent, productive and diverse police.
The recommendations only give a personal feeling of what should be enhanced in Abu Dhabi and so they should be considered part of the solution for improvements in the Police Force. Security professionals in Abu Dhabi should be prepared to work in any environment that they might be posted as emphasized by the management. There is a general feeling that if one works in one organization for long, the productivity might be compromised. To be ready to tackle any security scare that might arise organizations should invest highly in security development. Preparation is vital in enhancing readiness for professionals to deal with the emerging challenges in their organizations (Hopkins, 2011). The need for a continuous training for the professionals should be a paramount priority for the management.
Trends Forcing Management to Re-think Operation of Abu Dhabi
With the current unpredictable security trends, Abu Dhabi managers are forced to rethink the way they run organization. They have to take care of this unpredictability in the sense that they should sustain their business by cost-cutting and sometimes trimming the manpower. Managers have to be swift on the basic concept and security. They should be in a position of and able to interpret data and forecast the key indicators of the turning points of the businesses.
Another trend that forces the managers and business leaders to rethink the way they do their operation is the changing organization structures. There is apparently no uniform in the trends in the way organizational structures have been structured (Delmar and Shane, 2011). This poses a challenge to the contemporary managers and makes them come up with adequate strategies of developing their structures. The changes are triggered with the urge of companies to be continuously flexible and to capitalize and position them in the market place (Bradfield, 2005.
They are young and have expectations at the workplace that impact the leaders of today’s organization. Their passion for innovation is enormous and thus the managers are coerced to give them opportunities to unleash their potential. This is a challenge to managers especially when it comes to integrating the cultures of the organizations (Fischer, 2009). Another trend that goes handy with this is divesting. Managers have to equip themselves with the second option in case the core business does not do well and thus the need for divesting.
Recommendations in Management
The new management skills are customized to cater for the modern problems that have been depicted in today’s world (Delmar and Shane, 2011). Use of technological skills is vital in ensuring that there is efficiency in terms of communication and general management of Abu Dhabi.
Unlike the basic management, skills on the theories of leadership, the new skills in Abu Dhabi focus on the competence of the managers and skills that the managers have to acquire to remain afloat in business. The new skills aim to bridge the gap that is left by the basic skills. In this regard, the new skills have been crucial with the requirement of information technology. The new skills also seek to show the need for rapid and flexible organizations (Fischer, 2009). The new skills also bring in the concept of working in teams and differing employees needs and thus fostering global competition.
New Skills and Competencies
The new skills and competencies that have been acquired in the near past and will be used in the future have been dictated by the versatile business environment. One of the new skills that members of the management team have to show is their ability to apply well-timed strategies and tactics. In terms of employing human resource management has to consider when to hire and when to downsize. Timing is crucial to be taken into consideration in terms of when to advertise and when to market.
Abu Dhabi Managers need new skills to build strong business-cycle orientation to enable them to overcome the tribulations like those of recession. With this understanding, managers need to familiarize themselves with the business cycles and thus the potential source of competitive advantage thus determining the flow and future earnings. For this to happen they have to familiarize themselves with modern business skills. This is crucial especially with a volatile contemporary business world (Hammer, 2010).
Other new skills relevant for Abu Dhabi Police Force are the macroeconomic and financial market literacy essential for managers and leaders in business. If Abu Dhabi managers have inadequate financial tools they are highly limited financial ability to forecast and interpret data. By understanding and learning how to be economic forecasters, managers are given the opportunity to put their businesses in a strong business cycle and thus boost their financial literacy.
Equally significant is the need for managers to have skills that will equip them with corporate finance and credit management. Abu Dhabi managers should be equipped with these skills so that they can know when to give credit and when not. For instance, when the management anticipates recession they should not give credit and, when the economy picks up, the management can come up with relaxed credit policies to entice customers (Weir, 2001).
For the contemporary managers to succeed, they have to learn to do accurate forecasting and thus be business cycle forecasters. When managers are equipped with these skills, they are elevated to know where their businesses are heading (Hammer, 2010). Organizations in the modern world need to be innovative and flexible and so Abu Dhabi. It is to this effect that managers ought to lead their employees on the modalities of being competitive tomorrow. Managers need to build trust and empower their employees so that they can exploit their potential. Flexibility can enhance human capital by having employees training each other consistently (Axson, 2010). These flexibilities enable mangers to embrace the latest models of business management and fuse them with what has been there in the market.
Conclusion
In a nut shell, various business plans designed by Abu Dhabi has indicated the Police Force’s potentiality and weaknesses. Among the business plans designed by the Organization, majority have been successfully implemented. Business plans have thus enabled the Police Force achieve some of its objectives and aims in the Security industry. The systematic tender approval method is also an effective method that has ensured all bidders are considered equally and hence transparency, accountability and fair method. However, due to change in business strategies, it is important to re-define the current business plan strategies to match the latest and what other security firms use.
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